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1.
Neuroscience Bulletin ; (6): 1039-1049, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-982429

ABSTRACT

In this study, we explored the neural mechanism underlying impaired stereopsis and possible functional plasticity after strabismus surgery. We enrolled 18 stereo-deficient patients with intermittent exotropia before and after surgery, along with 18 healthy controls. Functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected when participants viewed three-dimensional stimuli. Compared with controls, preoperative patients showed hypoactivation in higher-level dorsal (visual and parietal) areas and ventral visual areas. Pre- and postoperative activation did not significantly differ in patients overall; patients with improved stereopsis showed stronger postoperative activation than preoperative activation in the right V3A and left intraparietal sulcus. Worse stereopsis and fusional control were correlated with preoperative hypoactivation, suggesting that cortical deficits along the two streams might reflect impaired stereopsis in intermittent exotropia. The correlation between improved stereopsis and activation in the right V3A after surgery indicates that functional plasticity may underlie the improvement of stereopsis. Thus, additional postoperative strategies are needed to promote functional plasticity and enhance the recovery of stereopsis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Exotropia/surgery , Depth Perception/physiology , Strabismus/surgery , Oculomotor Muscles/surgery
2.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 35(1): e1477, ene.-mar. 2022. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1409036

ABSTRACT

La exotropía sensorial se define como una desviación ocular divergente unilateral o bilateral, dada por anomalías oculares congénitas o adquiridas; es más frecuente en adultos. El objetivo de la cirugía de estrabismo en el adulto es restablecer la visión binocular, reduciendo la diplopía y al lograr el alineamiento ocular, mejorar su estética, por lo que antes de realizar la cirugía se debe tratar la causa que provoca la baja visión. El procedimiento quirúrgico de elección es la cirugía monocular, pero si la desviación es grande se realizará cirugía binocular. Se presenta una paciente femenino de 25 años de edad portadora de lentes de contacto por miopía elevada del ojo derecho (9,00 -0.75 x 105º con 0,2 de agudeza visual mejor corregida), exotropía de más de 25º por Hirschberg, limitación de aducción del ojo derecho y por método de oclusor y prismas a 6 metros sin cristales y con sus lentes de contacto, ambos ojos 50 ∆ b interna, no estereopsia y suprime ojo derecho. Por todas las ventajas que presenta la cirugía monocular, se decidió realizarla en el ojo derecho, se colocó anestesia local peribulbar, se realizó recesión amplia del recto lateral a 12 mm y se realizó 8 mm de resección del recto medial; en el postoperatorio se logró 10 ∆ b interna y por momentos ortotropia; refirió diplopía post quirúrgica que resolvió espontáneamente. Los resultados quirúrgicos en la exotropía sensorial son menos alentadores ya que con el tiempo pueden evolucionar hacia la hipercorrección o hacia la recurrencia(AU)


Sensory exotropía is defined as a unilateral or bilateral divergent ocular deviation, given by congenital or acquired ocular anomalies, and is more frequent in adults. The objective of the strabismus surgery in adults is to reestablish binocular vision, reduce diplopía, improve ocular alignment and enhance quality of life; before performing surgery the cause of low vision should be treated. The preferred surgical procedure is a monocular approach, but if there is a large deviation a binocular procedure should be performed. The case presented Is a 25 year-old female with high myopia of the right eye (-9.00 -0.75 x 105º with 0.2 of best corrected visual acuity), exotropía of more than 25º for Hirschberg, limitation of aducción of the right eye and with both the oclusor method and prisms to 6 meters without glasses and with her contact lenses, both eyes have 50∆ of internal base, no estereopsia and suppression of the right eye. For its advantages a monocular approach (of the right eye) was preferred, with peribulbar anesthesia: recession to 12mm of the lateral rectus combined with 8 mm of resection of the medial rectus; in the postoperative she presented a 10∆ intern base deviation and for moments ortotropia; she referred diplopia that solved spontaneously. The surgical results in sensory exotropía are less encouraging since they have higher hypercorrection and recurrence rates(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Surgical Procedures, Operative , Exotropia/etiology , Eye Abnormalities , Strabismus/surgery , Quality of Life , Recurrence
3.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 81: e0048, 2022. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1387969

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar um novo tipo de gancho muscular (gancho milimetrado de Felício) e sua eficácia em cirurgias de estrabismo. Métodos: Buscando uma abordagem independente, com a mínima participação do auxiliar, o novo instrumento foi usado em cirurgias de retrocesso e ressecção, para comparar sua eficácia e segurança com a técnica tradicional. Participaram do estudo 14 pacientes divididos em dois grupos. Resultados: O grupo operado por meio da técnica tradicional teve média de idade foi de 14,7 anos, e o grupo que usou o novo gancho teve média de 17 anos. Ambos os grupos obtiveram redução semelhante do estrabismo inicial, sendo, em média, de 87,84% no grupo tradicional e de 93,04% com o novo gancho, porém sem relevância estatística (p=0,274). Conclusão: O gancho milimetrado de Felício mostrou-se opção útil ao cirurgião na realização da cirurgia de estrabismo com redução da importância do auxiliar, de forma segura e reprodutível.


ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate a new type of muscle hook (Felício's millimeter hook) and its effectiveness in strabismus surgeries. Methods: Seeking an independent approach, with minimal assistance from the assistant, the new instrument was used in retrocession and resection surgeries, to compare its efficacy and safety with the traditional technique. Results: 14 patients participated in the study, divided into two groups. The group who underwent surgery with the traditional technique had a mean age of 14.7 years and the group using the new hook, 17 years. Both groups obtained a similar reduction in initial strabismus, with an average of 87.84% in the traditional group and 93.04% with the new hook, but without statistically significant difference (p=0.274). Conclusion: Felicio's millimeter hook proved to be a useful option for the surgeon in performing strabismus surgery with a reduction in the importance of the assistant, in a safe and reproducible way.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/instrumentation , Strabismus/surgery , Oculomotor Muscles/surgery , Anthropometry , Esotropia/surgery , Prospective Studies
4.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 80(5): e0032, 2021. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1341153

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Apresenta-se uma série de 13 casos de pacientes com estrabismo sensorial de grande ângulo submetidos à técnica cirúrgica de autotransplante da musculatura ocular extrínseca. Foi realizada a técnica de recuo-ressecção dos músculos retos horizontais, e o retalho retirado do músculo ressecado foi suturado ao músculo enfraquecido como expansor autólogo. Foram avaliadas seis exotropias e sete esotropias, com desvios médios de 75 (70-90) dioptrias prismáticas (DP). Houve melhora significativa dos desvios no pós-operatório, sendo a média pós-operatória de 10,07 dioptrias prismáticas (ortotropia a 35DP). Somente um dos casos evoluiu com inversão do desvio após procedimento cirúrgico.


ABSTRACT We report 13 cases of large angle sensory strabismus treated with autologous graft of extraocular muscle. Recession-resection procedure of the horizontal rectus muscles was performed, and the flap from the resected muscle was sutured to the weakened muscle as an autologous expander. Six cases of exotropia and seven of esotropia, with mean prism diopter deviation of 75 (range of 70-90). There was significant improvement in the postoperative deviation, and mean prism diopter of 10.07 (range of no deviation to 35). Only one patient progressed with inverted misalignment after the surgical procedure.


Subject(s)
Humans , Strabismus/surgery , Oculomotor Muscles/transplantation , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Transplantation, Autologous , Amblyopia , Free Tissue Flaps
5.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 83(5): 424-426, Sept.-Oct. 2020. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1131622

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders are a group of complex strabismus syndromes that present as congenital and non-progressive ophthalmoplegia. The genetic defects are associated with aberrant axonal targeting onto the motoneurons, development of motoneurons, and axonal targeting onto the extraocular muscles. We describe here the surgical management of a 16-year-old boy who presented with complex strabismus secondary to hypoplasia of the third cranial nerve and aberrant innervation of the upper ipsilateral eyelid.


RESUMO Os distúrbios de inervação craniana congênita en­globam um grupo de síndromes associadas a estrabismos complexos, que se apresentam como oftalmoplegia congênita e não progressiva e são frequentemente herdadas. Os defeitos dos genes estão associados a erros no desenvolvimento ou direcionamento axonal dos motoneurônios, e erros no direcionamento axonal para os músculos extraoculares. Este caso descreve o caso de um menino que apresenta estrabismo complexo secundário à hipoplasia do terceiro nervo craniano e inervação aberrante da pálpebra superior ipsilateral, bem como o resultado após a correção cirúrgica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Ophthalmoplegia , Strabismus , Cranial Nerves , Strabismus/surgery , Strabismus/etiology , Cranial Nerves/pathology , Oculomotor Muscles/surgery , Oculomotor Nerve
6.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 82(5): 417-421, Sept.-Oct. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1019425

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate three superior oblique surgical weakening procedures for correcting A-pattern strabismus: tenectomy, superior oblique hang-back recession, and that involving the use of superior oblique suture spacers. Methods: The inclusion criteria were A-pattern strabismus ≥10Δ and horizontal deviation ≥10Δ, with no other ocular abnormality and a follow-up period of ≥6 months. The 24 patients (mean age, 16.3 ± 8.1 years; mean postoperative follow-up, 9.63 ± 3.11 months) were randomly divided into three groups of 8 patients each. Sigmascan® Pro 5.0 software was used to measure the degree of torsion pre- and postoperatively. Results: Preoperatively, the mean angles of A-pattern deviation were 19.33Δ° ± 3.53Δ° (tenectomy group), 15.71Δ° ± 1.11Δ° (hang-back recession group), and 14.62Δ° ± 1.18Δ° (suture spacers group); these values did not differ significantly. At the final follow-up examination, the mean angles of A-pattern deviation were 4.67Δ° ± 0.67Δ° (tenectomy group), 6.29Δ° ± 1.48Δ° (hang-back recession group), and 4.38Δ° ± 1.03Δ° (suture spacers group), with no statistically significant difference in the correction in A-pattern strabismus among the three groups. Preoperatively, the mean torsional angles were +5.4° ± 3.9° (tenectomy group), +5.6° ± 4.9° (hang-back recession group), and +6.0° ± 3.3° (suture spacers group); these values did not differ significantly. At the final follow-up examination, the mean torsional angles were + 0.3° ± 5.6° (tenectomy group), +0.5° ± 4.6° (hang-back recession group), and +0.2° ± 5.2° (suture spacers group), with no statistically significant difference in the intorsion correction among the three groups. Conclusion: All three superior oblique weakening procedures were effective for correcting A-pattern strabismus and fundus intorsion.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar três procedimentos de debilitamento dos músculos oblíquos superiores para a correção de estrabismo com padrão em A: tenectomia, sutura em rédea (hang-back recession) e o uso de espaçadores de sutura oblíqua superior. Métodos: Os critérios de inclusão foram estrabismo padrão em A ≥10Δ e desvio horizontal ≥10Δ, sem outras anormalidades oculares e tempo de acompanhamento ≥6 meses. Os 24 pacientes (média de idade de 16,3 ± 8,1 anos; média de seguimento pós-operatório de 9,63 ± 3,11 meses) foram divididos aleatoriamente em três grupos de 8 pacientes cada. O programa Sigmascan® Pro 5.0 foi utilizado para medir o grau de torção no pré e pós-operatório. Resultados: No pré-operatório, a média e o desvio padrão dos ângulos de padrão em A foram de 19,33Δ° ± 3,53Δ° (grupo da tenectomia), 15,71Δ° ± 1,11Δ° (grupo da sutura em rédea), 14,62Δ° ± 1,18Δ° (grupo de espaçadores de sutura); esses valores não diferiram significativamente. No exame pós-operatório, a média e o desvio padrão dos ângulos de desvio do padrão em A foram de 4,67Δ° ± 0,67Δ° (grupo da tenectomia), 6,29Δ° ± 1,48Δ° (grupo da sutura em rédea), 4,38Δ° ± 1,03Δ° (grupo de espaçadores de sutura), sem diferença estatisticamente significativa na correção do estrabismo padrão em A entre os três grupos. No pré-operatório, os ângulos médios de torção foram de +5,4o ± 3,9° (grupo de tenectomia), +5,6° ± 4,9° (grupo da su­tura em rédea), e +6,0° ± 3,3° (grupo de espaçadores de sutura), esses valores não diferiram significativamente. No pós-operatório, os ângulos médios de torção foram de +0,3° ± 5,6° (grupo da tenectomia), +0,5° ± 4,6° (grupo da sutura em rédea), e +0,2° ± 5,2° (grupo de espaçadores de sutura), sem diferença estatisticamente significativa na correção da intorção entre os três grupos. Conclusão: Os três procedimentos de debili­tamento dos músculos oblíquos superiores foram efetivos para a correção do estrabismo com padrão em A e da intorção ocular observada na fundoscopia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Strabismus/surgery , Oculomotor Muscles/surgery , Tendons/surgery , Visual Acuity , Strabismus/physiopathology , Prospective Studies , Preoperative Period , Fundus Oculi , Oculomotor Muscles/physiopathology
7.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 32(3): e781, jul.-set. 2019.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1099087

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La cirugía con incisiones de pequeño tamaño comienza a ser una norma en la medicina actual, la cual ha ganado popularidad en muchos campos, entre ellos el de la Oftalmología. Una muestra de esto son las pequeñas incisiones para la facoemulsificación, la vitrectomía sin sutura 25 G y los pequeños dispositivos de drenaje de glaucoma. Algo similar ocurre con la cirugía de estrabismo mínimamente invasiva (minimally invasive strabismus surgery) al permitir alcanzar iguales resultados motores y sensoriales que con la técnica de abordaje de los músculos extraoculares a nivel del limbo. Esta revisión bibliográfica ofrece nuevos conocimientos teóricos sobre una técnica mínimamente invasiva para el abordaje del estrabismo, que originará mejores resultados estéticos y la satisfacción de los pacientes con esta afección, así como su rápida reincorporación a las distintas ocupaciones laborales, a las escuelas y a las tareas habituales(AU)


ABSTRACT Surgery based on small size incisions is gradually becoming standard practice in health care, gaining popularity in many specialties, among them ophthalmology. Evidence of this are the small incisions made for phacoemulsification, sutureless 25-G vitrectomy, and the small glaucoma drainage devices. Something similar occurs in minimally invasive strabismus surgery, where the same motor and sensory results are achieved as with limbal approach of the extraocular muscles. The present bibliographic review provides new theoretical information about a minimally invasive strabismus surgery technique leading to better esthetic results and greater satisfaction by patients suffering from this disorder, as well as their quick reincorporation to their work, school and regular daily activities(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Strabismus/surgery , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/methods , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Review Literature as Topic
8.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 32(3): e758, jul.-set. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1099081

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar las características clínicas y los criterios quirúrgicos en el síndrome de Brown. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo a 15 pacientes con el diagnóstico de síndrome de Brown, quienes acudieron a la Consulta de Visión Binocular del Hospital Infantil Sur "Dr. Antonio María Béguez César". Se incluyeron los niños con edades entre 2 a 7 años, con el diagnóstico definido de síndrome de Brown; se realizó exploración motora y sensorial completa y se evaluó el ojo afectado, el tipo de síndrome de Brown que tenía el paciente, las características clínicas y los criterios quirúrgicos tenidos en cuenta para resolver una conducta adecuada. Resultados: En la muestra estudiada el 66,5 por ciento de los pacientes tuvo afectado el ojo derecho con un síndrome de Brown leve; el 73 por ciento estuvo en ortotropía y el 73,3 por ciento no fue quirúrgico. Conclusión: Los pacientes con síndrome de Brown leve que permanecen en ortotropía, sin tortícolis y sin depresión en aducción, no requieren intervención quirúrgica(AU)


ABSTRACT Objective: Identify the clinical characteristics of and surgical criteria for Brown syndrome. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted of 15 patients diagnosed with Brown syndrome attending the binocular vision service at Dr. Antonio María Béguez César South University Children's Hospital. The sample included children aged 2-7 years with a definite diagnosis of Brown syndrome. Complete motor and sensory exploration was done, and evaluation was performed of the affected eye, Brown syndrome type, clinical characteristics and surgical criteria considered to select the appropriate management. Results: 66.5 percent of the study sample had their right eye affected by mild Brown syndrome, 73 percent were orthotropic, and 73.3 percent were not surgical cases. Conclusion: Patients with mild Brown syndrome who remained orthotropic, without torticollis or adduction depression, did not require surgical intervention(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Strabismus/surgery , Strabismus/epidemiology , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies
10.
Santiago; MINSAL; abr. 2019. 13 p.
Non-conventional in Spanish | BIGG, LILACS, MINSALCHILE | ID: biblio-1177306

ABSTRACT

Generar recomendaciones basadas en la mejor evidencia disponible acerca del manejo de personas con Estrabismo en menores de 9 años. Personas con Estrabismo en menores de 9 años que reciben atención en el nivel primario, secundario y terciario de salud en el sector público y privado de salud.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Strabismus/surgery , Strabismus/diagnosis
11.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 78(1): 11-14, jan.-fev. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-990792

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Muscular transposition procedures are used when there is no ocular rotation in a particular direction due to alterations of the extraocular muscles such as paralysis, agenesis or congenital anomalies. The objective of this study is to characterize the patients treated with this procedure and determine the percentage of correction of the deviation angle obtained after surgery in the Pediatric Ophthalmology, Strabismus and Neuro-ophthalmology Unit. "Dra. Ana María Illescas Putzeys", Hospital de ojos y oídos "Dr. Rodolfo Robles V. Methods: A retrospective, descriptive, observational study was conducted with review of records of patients operated on muscle transposition during the years 1999 to 2016. Results: Twenty-three rectus muscle transposition procedures were performed. Thirteen were male (56.5%). The mean age was 42 years. In our series, an average correction of 42 PD (82%) was obtained regardless of the type of paralysis or the surgical procedure performed. Conclusion: In selected cases of paralytic strabismus, the main approach may be only muscle transposition with augmentation (posterior intermuscular fixation suture), with good results, similar to those obtained with muscle transposition using adjuvants such as botulinum toxin treatment.


Resumo Introdução: Os procedimentos de transposição muscular são utilizados quando não há rotação ocular em nenhuma direção determinada devido a alterações dos músculos extraoculares, como paralisia, agenesia ou anomalias congênitas. O objetivo deste estudo é caracterizar os pacientes tratados com este procedimento e determinar a porcentagem de correção do ângulo de desvio obtida após a cirurgia na Unidade Pediátrica de Oftalmologia, Estrabismo e Neuro-Oftalmologia. "Dra. Ana María Illescas Putzeys", Hospital de ojos y oídos "Dr. Rodolfo Robles V. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo, descritivo, observacional, com revisão dos registros de pacientes operados para transposição muscular nos anos de 1999 a 2016. Resultados: Foram realizados vinte e três procedimentos de transposição do músculo reto. Treze pacientes eram homens (56,5%). A idade média foi de 42 anos. Em nossa série, foi obtida uma correção média de 42 PD (82%), independente do tipo de paralisia ou do procedimento cirúrgico realizado. Conclusão: Em casos selecionados de estrabismo paralítico, a principal abordagem pode ser apenas a transposição muscular com aumento (sutura de fixação intermuscular posterior), com bons resultados semelhantes aos obtidos com a transposição muscular com a utilização de adjuvantes como o tratamento com toxina botulínica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Strabismus/surgery , Oculomotor Muscles/surgery , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies , Observational Study
12.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; 68(6): 571-576, Nov.-Dec. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-977408

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background and objective: Emergence agitation is a postoperative negative behavior that affects mainly children. We studied the effect of two different doses of dexmedetomidine on the incidence and degree of EA in children undergoing strabismus surgery. Methods: 90 patients were allocated into three equal groups; patients received 0.5 µg.kg−1 of dexmedetomidine in high Dex group, 0.25 µg.kg−1 of dexmedetomidine in low Dex group, or normal saline in the placebo group. All drugs were received with the closure of the conjunctiva before the end of the surgery. Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) scale was used to evaluate the agitation, and Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) scale was used for pain assessment. Adverse effects of dexmedetomidine and recovery times were recorded. Results: The incidence of agitation was significantly lower in high Dex group compared to other groups and it was significantly lower in low Dex group compared to placebo group. The median (range) of FLACC score was significantly lower in both Dex groups compared to placebo group. Recovery times; time from removal of laryngeal mask to eye opening and time stay in post anesthesia care unit was significantly longer in high Dex group compared to other groups. No significant bradycardia or hypotension was recorded. Recovery time was significantly longer in high Dex group compared to the other two groups. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine (0.5 µg.kg−1) before emergence from general anesthesia resulted in a reduction in the incidence of emergence agitation compared to a dexmedetomidine (0.25 µg.kg−1) but on the expense of recovery times without adverse effects.


Resumo Justificativa e objetivo: A agitação ao despertar é um comportamento pós-operatório negativo que afeta principalmente as crianças. Avaliamos o efeito de duas doses diferentes de dexmedetomidina na incidência e no grau de agitação ao despertar em crianças submetidas à correção de estrabismo. Métodos: Noventa pacientes foram alocados em três grupos iguais: receberam 0,5 µg.kg−1 de dexmedetomidina (grupo Dex-alta), 0,25 µg.kg−1 de dexmedetomidina (grupo Dex-baixa) ou solução salina normal (grupo placebo). Todos os medicamentos foram administrados com o fechamento da conjuntiva antes do fim da cirurgia. A escala pediátrica de delírio ao despertar da anestesia (PAED - Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium) foi usada para avaliar a agitação e a escala dos padrões de face, pernas, atividade, choro e consolabilidade (FLACC - Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) para avaliar a dor. Os efeitos adversos de dexmedetomidina e os tempos de recuperação foram registrados. Resultados: A incidência de agitação foi significativamente menor no grupo Dex-alta em comparação com os outros grupos, foi significativamente menor no grupo Dex-baixa em comparação com o grupo placebo. A mediana (variação) do escore FLACC foi significativamente menor em ambos os grupos Dex em comparação com o grupo placebo. O tempo de recuperação, o tempo transcorrido desde a remoção da máscara laríngea até a abertura dos olhos e o tempo de permanência na sala de recuperação pós-anestesia foram significativamente maiores no grupo Dex-alta em comparação com os outros grupos. Não houve registro de bradicardia ou hipotensão significativa. O tempo de recuperação foi significativamente maior no grupo Dex-alta em comparação com os outros dois grupos. Conclusão: Dexmedetomidina (0,5 µg.kg−1) antes do despertar da anestesia geral resultou em uma redução da incidência de agitação ao despertar em comparação com dexmedetomidina (0,25 µg.kg−1), mas em detrimento dos tempos de recuperação sem efeitos adversos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Psychomotor Agitation/prevention & control , Psychomotor Agitation/epidemiology , Dexmedetomidine/administration & dosage , Hypnotics and Sedatives/administration & dosage , Strabismus/surgery , Double-Blind Method , Incidence
13.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 77(4): 197-202, jul.-ago. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-959096

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Introdução: A dificuldade na obtenção de resultados previsíveis é um grande desafio atual da cirurgia corretiva de estrabismo. Os resultados não desejados podem ocorrer em cerca de 51% dos procedimentos e a dificuldade pode ser devida ao fato da cirurgia ser realizada sobre tecidos perioculares bastante moles e com difícil referência para a localização anatômicas das estruturas. Objetivo: Identificar e analisar as principais causas responsáveis por reoperações nos usuários submetidos à cirurgia corretiva de estrabismo, atendidos no Centro de Oftalmológico do HUUFMA, em São Luís-MA. Métodos: Estudo do tipo pesquisa documental retrospectiva dos registros institucionais, por meio da coleta de dados dos prontuários físicos e eletrônicos no sistema ambulatorial interno do HUUFMA. Resultados: A taxa de reoperação analisada foi de 7,31%. Foram operados 89 pacientes menores de 15 anos (72,35%), 23 na faixa de 15 a 30 anos (18,69%) e 11 pacientes maiores de 30 anos (8,94%). A média da idade dos 123 operados foi de 10,32 anos. O sexo feminino foi prevalente na população (58,53%). Conclusão: O desvio Esotrópico (ET) foi o tipo de desvio mais comum no grupo de reoperados. Os resultados inesperados e os maiores desvios foram nos pacientes com relatos de comorbidades e/ou síndromes associadas ao estrabismo, assim como o desvio horizontal congênito (Dhc) foi prevalente entre as queixas apresentadas. A anestesia geral foi mais relatada em pacientes de menor faixa etária. O tempo médio decorrido entre a primeira e a segunda cirurgia foi de 10,54 meses e houve relativa prevalência das subcorreções nas reoperações.


ABSTRACT Introduction: The difficulty in obtaining predictable results is a great challenge on the strabismus surgery field. Procedures can lead to an undesirable development in about 51% of patients, and this difficulty may be due to surgery being perfomed on soft periocular tissues in which anatomical structure can be tricky to locate. Objective: Identify and analyse the main causes of reoperation on strabismus surgery patients treated at Centro Oftamológico do HUUFMA, in São Luís-MA. Methods: A retrospective documental research based on institutional registries, through data collection from physical and eletronic patient records of HUUFMA's ambulatorial internal system. Results: The analysed reoperation rates were in about 7,31%. 89 patients under 15-year-old (72,35%), 23 patients aged between 15 to 30 (18,69%), and 11 patients over the age of 30 (8,94%) were submitted to surgery, with total number of 123 patients and mean age of 10,32 years. Female patients have prevailed in the population (58,53%). Conclusion: Esotropic deviation was the most common deviation in the reoperated group. The unexpected results and greatest deviations occurred on patients with reported comorbidities and/or syndromes associated with strabismus, such as dissociated horizontal deviation (DHD), which was prevalent among the presented complaints. General anesthesia was most reported in lower age patients. The average time elapsed between the first and the second procedure was 10,54 months, and a relative prevalence of the undercorrections occurred on reoperations procedures.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Reoperation/statistics & numerical data , Esotropia/surgery , Strabismus/surgery , Medical Records , Retrospective Studies
14.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 77(2): 105-107, mar.-abr. 2018. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-899123

ABSTRACT

Resumo A paralisia do terceiro nervo craniano representa o estrabismo paralítico de tratamento mais complexo e desafiador. Os casos de paralisia completa III par incitam o uso de certas técnicas de cirurgia de estrabismo destinadas a manter o olho voltado para a posição primária do olhar (PPO). Entretanto, as possibilidades terapêuticas são limitadas e complexas e o tratamento cirúrgico tende a hipocorreção e recorrências frequentes a longo prazo.O envolvimento completo e congênito do terceiro nervo craniano requer cirurgias para a exotropia, hipotropia e ptose.Dentre as técnicas cirúrgicas já descritas, optou-se pela realização de uma modificação da técnica cirúrgica de recuo-ressecção, que deu-se em único tempo cirúrgico, sendo suficiente para alcançar o objetivo estético. Este trabalho relata o resultado positivoda manutenção de sutura de tração à carúncula para tratamento cirúrgico de estrabismo paralítico congênito de nervo oculomotor de longa data.


Abstract Paralysis of the third cranial nerve represents the most complex and challenging paralytic squint. The cases of complete III nerve paralysis encourages the use of certain strabismus surgery techniques in order to keep eye in primary position of gaze. However, the therapeutic possibilities are limited and complex and the surgical treatment tends to hypocorrection and frequent recurrences in the long term. Complete and congenital involvement of the third cranial nerve requires surgeries for exotropia, hypotropia and ptosis. Among the surgical techniques already described, we choose a modification of the surgical technique of recession-resection, which occurred in a single surgical time, being suffice to achieve aesthetic objective. This paper reports the positive result of the maintenance of caruncle traction suture as surgical treatment of congenital III nerve paralysis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Oculomotor Nerve Diseases/surgery , Strabismus/surgery , Suture Techniques , Oculomotor Muscles/surgery , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Blepharoptosis , Mydriasis , Oculomotor Nerve Diseases/complications , Oculomotor Nerve Diseases/congenital , Strabismus/congenital , Strabismus/etiology
15.
Rev. inf. cient ; 97(1): i:10-f:18, 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-995083

ABSTRACT

Se realizó un estudio longitudinal, descriptivo y retrospectivo en el Hospital Oftalmológico Amistad Argelia-Cuba, el Oued, Argelia, en el período comprendido entre junio de 2015 a mayo de 2017, con el objetivo de caracterizar el comportamiento quirúrgico en pacientes con estrabismo atendidos en dicho hospital. El universo estuvo constituido por 80 pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente, coincidiendo con la muestra. Las variables estudiadas fueron: edad, sexo, diagnóstico preoperatorio, dioptrías prismáticas preoperatorias, proceder quirúrgico, ojo operado y complicaciones transoperatorias oculares. De las 139 cirugías practicadas hubo predominio del sexo femenino. El 38.8 por ciento de los casos presentó esotropía comitante adquirida. El proceder quirúrgico más realizado fue la recesión de ambos rectos horizontales, predominando la cirugía bilateral sobre la unilateral(AU)


A longitudinal, descriptive, retrospective study was carried out in the Ophthalmological Amistad Hospital Algeria-Cuba, El Oued, Algeria, in the period from June 2015 to May 2017, with the aim of characterizing the surgical behavior in patients with strabismus attended in said hospital. The universe consisted of 80 patients surgically treated, coinciding with the sample. The variables studied were: age, sex, preoperative diagnosis, preoperative prismatic diopters, surgical procedure, operated eye and transoperative ocular complications. Of the 139 surgeries performed / operated eyes, 52.5 percent of the patients corresponded to the female sex. 38.8 percent of the cases presented comitant acquired esotropia. The most performed surgical procedure was the recession of both horizontal rectums, in 84.9 percent, bilateral surgery prevailing over the unilateral one(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Postoperative Complications , Strabismus/surgery , Strabismus/epidemiology , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies
16.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 76(5): 250-254, Sept.-Oct. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-899088

ABSTRACT

Abstract Purpose: to determine the prevalence of different types of strabismus submitted to a surgical procedure in a public hospital in the Brazilian Federal District. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional review of medical records of patients who underwent strabismus surgery performed by the same surgeon from 2004 to 2014. Incomplete records were excluded from the study. Variables included sex, age, type of strabismus, type of surgery, and re-surgeries. Strabismus was classified into three main types (esotropia, exotropia, and pure vertical deviation), and their subtypes. The type of surgery was determined by the number of muscles operated on (up to two, or more than two), the involvement of oblique and vertical rectus muscles, and muscle displacement. Results: 563 patients were reviewed and 531 were included in the study. The average age was 12.7 years, and females accounted for 54.4% of total patients. Esotropia was the most frequent type of strabismus (74%), followed by exotropia (23.7%) and pure vertical deviation (2.3%). The most frequent subtype of esotropia was infantile (49.1%), with 16.1% of these surgeries performed before the age of 2. Constant exotropia was the most frequent subtype of exotropia (27.8%). The prevalence of esotropia decreased with age, whereas that of exotropia increased. 52.3% of surgeries involved more than two muscles. An association between different types of deviation was found in 58.9% of patients. In cases of paralytic strabismus, the sixth nerve was the most affected (46%). Re-surgeries accounted for 10.7% of total surgeries. Conclusion s: Esotropias were the most common types of strabismus, especially infantile esotropia. Most cases were associated with other types of deviation, and needed more complex surgeries, involving more than two muscles. This study expects to contribute to the planning of health measures that may effectively improve the assistance provided to the population.


Resumo Objetivo: Determinar a prevalência dos diferentes tipos de estrabismo submetidos a intervenção cirúrgica em um hospital público de Brasília, Brasil. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo de corte transversal de prontuários médicos dos pacientes submetidos a cirurgias de estrabismo por um mesmo cirurgião, de 2004 e 2014. Foram excluídos prontuários incompletos. Variáveis pesquisadas incluíram sexo, idade, classificação do estrabismo, tipo da cirurgia e reoperações. Os estrabismos foram classificados em três tipos principais (esotropia, exotropia e desvio vertical puro) e seus subtipos. Avaliação do tipo da cirurgia considerou o número de músculos operados (intervenção em até 2 ou em mais músculos), o envolvimento de músculos oblíquos, retos verticais e transposição muscular. Resultados: Foram avaliadas 563 pacientes e 531 foram incluídas na análise. A média de idade foi 12,7 anos e o sexo feminino respondeu por 54,4%. A esotropia foi o tipo de estrabismo mais frequente (74%), seguido pela exotropia (23,7%) e desvio vertical puro (2,3%). O subtipo de esotropia mais frequente foi o infantil (49,1%), com 16,1% destas cirurgias realizadas antes dos 2 anos de vida. A exotropia constante foi o subtipo mais observado (27,8%) de exotropia. A proporção de esotropia diminuiu com a idade, enquanto a de exotropia aumentou. 52,3% das cirurgias envolveram mais de dois músculos. Associação de diferentes tipos de desvio foi observada em 58,9% dos pacientes. Dentre os estrabismos paralíticos, o VI nervo foi o mais acometido (46%). Reoperações corresponderam a 10,7% do total. Conclusão: As esotropias foram os estrabismos cirúrgicos mais comuns, especialmente a esotropia infantil. A maioria dos casos estava associada a outras formas de desvio e necessitaram de cirurgias mais complexas, envolvendo mais de 2 músculos. Espera-se que dados do estudo possam contribuir no planejamento de ações de saúde efetivas para melhorar a assistência à população.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Strabismus/surgery , Reoperation , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Brazil , Medical Records/statistics & numerical data , Strabismus/classification , Strabismus/epidemiology , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Sex Distribution , Age Distribution , Oculomotor Muscles/surgery , Oculomotor Muscles/physiopathology
17.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 76(1): 40-42, Jan.-Feb. 2017. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-844058

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT A 48-year-old patient with blunt periorbital trauma presented with vertical strabismus and diplopia secondary to inferior rectus muscle avulsion. After ophthalmologic and CT scan evaluation, early surgical treatment with anatomical restoration led to improvement in motility deficits with resolution of diplopia.


RESUMO Paciente de 48 anos com história de trauma periorbitário contuso apresentou estrabismo vertical e diplopia secundários à avulsão de músculo reto inferior. Após avaliação oftalmológica e tomográfica, o tratamento precoce cirúrgico das lesões com reparo anatômico permitiu melhora nos deficits de motilidade com resolução da diplopia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Orbital Fractures/complications , Wounds, Nonpenetrating , Strabismus/etiology , Oculomotor Muscles/injuries , Orbital Fractures/surgery , Orbital Fractures/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Ocular Motility Disorders , Strabismus/surgery , Strabismus/diagnostic imaging , Diplopia/etiology , Diplopia/diagnostic imaging , Oculomotor Muscles/surgery
18.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 29(4): 612-621, oct.-dic. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-845044

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: determinar los resultados quirúrgicos y la obtención de fusión y estereopsis en adultos operados de estrabismo adquirido y si el tiempo transcurrido entre la aparición de la desviación y la cirugía influyó en la obtención de fusión y estereopsis. Métodos: se realizó una investigación descriptiva, de corte longitudinal y prospectivo, en adultos operados de estrabismo adquirido, quienes acudieron a la consulta de Oftalmología Pediátrica y Estrabismo del Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología Ramón Pando Ferrer de enero a diciembre del año 2013. Se analizaron las variables edad, sexo, edad de inicio del estrabismo, tiempo de evolución, diagnóstico, sentido de la desviación, agudeza visual, síntomas y signos, alineamiento ocular, fusión y estereopsis posoperatoria. Resultados: las causas más frecuentes fueron la parálisis o paresias de músculos extraoculares y la exotropía, ambas con 37,7 por ciento. El 34 por ciento de los casos sobrepasaban los tres años de evolución. Se logró el alineamiento ocular y la fusión en el 73,6 por ciento, y se recuperó la estereopsis en el 52,8 por cientot. El 90,9 por ciento de los pacientes que estuvieron desviados menos de un año alcanzaron fusión y estereopsis. Conclusiones: la cirugía de estrabismo de adulto permite recuperar el alineamiento ocular, la fusión y la estereopsis, con más posibilidades de recuperación funcional cuando se realiza con menor tiempo de evolución(AU)


Objective: to describe the surgical results and the fusion and stereopsis achieved in adults operated on for acquired strabismus, and to determine whether the time elapsed from the emergence of deviation to the time of surgery had an effect on fusion and stereopsis. Methods: prospective, longitudinal and descriptive research conducted in adults operated on for acquired strabismus, who had been seen at the Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus service of Ramón Pando Ferrer Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology from January to December 2013. The analyzed variables were age, sex, the age at the onset of strabismus, time of progression, diagnosis, deviation angle, visual acuity, symptoms and signs, eye alignment and postoperative fusion and stereopsis. Results: the most frequent causes were extra ocular muscle palsy or paresis and exotropia, both accounting for 37.7 percent of cases. Over three years of progression was observed in 34 percent of patients. Eye alignment and fusion occurred in 73.6 percent whereas stereopsis was recovered in 52.8 percent of patients. In the study group, 90.9 percent of patients with deviation angle for less than one year reached fusion and stereopsis. Conclusions: strabismus surgery in adults allows recovering eye alignment, fusion and stereopsis, and the possibilities of functional recovery increase when the time of progression of disease is shorter(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Depth Perception , Exotropia/pathology , Strabismus/surgery , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Longitudinal Studies , Prospective Studies
19.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 29(1): 0-0, ene.-mar. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-781208

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: describir los resultados quirúrgicos y la obtención de fusión y estereopsia en operados de esotropía congénita, después de cuatro años de seguimiento y su relación con el ángulo de desviación preoperatorio y la edad al momento de la primera cirugía. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y prospectivo de una serie de casos, operados de esotropía congénita desde el año 2007 al 2010, seguidos durante cuatro años por consulta en el Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología Ramón Pando Ferrer. Se analizaron las variables edad al diagnóstico, ángulo de desviación preoperatorio y posoperatorio, edad al momento de la primera cirugía, presencia de fusión, estereopsia y desarrollo de ambliopía. Resultados: el ángulo de desviación preoperatorio promedio de los pacientes estudiados fue de 39,8 dioptrías y la media de la edad al momento de la primera cirugía fue 22,5 meses (DE 9,2). La media de supervivencia del alineamiento ocular fue de 39,3 meses, y fue superior en los pacientes con un ángulo de desviación preoperatorio menor de 40 dioptrías y con menos de 24 meses de edad al momento de la primera cirugía (p= 0,001). Presentaban fusión y estereopsia a los 4 años el 57,7 y el 26,9 por ciento de los pacientes. La media del número de cirugía fue de 1,42 (DE ± 0,504) a los 4 años. La causa más frecuente de segunda cirugía fue la hiperfunción del oblicuo inferior (19,2 por ciento). Conclusiones: la presencia de fusión y de estereopsia a los 4 años de evolución es mayor en aquellos pacientes con menor ángulo de desviación preoperatoria y con menos de 2 años de edad a la primera cirugía(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Depth Perception/genetics , Esotropia/congenital , Esotropia/surgery , Vision, Binocular/genetics , Amblyopia/diagnosis , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Longitudinal Studies , Prospective Studies , Strabismus/surgery
20.
Korean Journal of Ophthalmology ; : 1-9, 2016.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-116155

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of customized orbital decompression surgery combined with eyelid surgery or strabismus surgery for mild to moderate thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO). METHODS: Twenty-seven consecutive subjects who were treated surgically for proptosis with disfigurement or diplopia after medical therapy from September 2009 to July 2012 were included in the analysis. Customized orbital decompression surgery with correction of eyelid retraction and extraocular movement disorders was simultaneously performed. The patients had a minimum preoperative period of 3 months of stable range of ocular motility and eyelid position. All patients had inactive TAO and were euthyroid at the time of operation. Preoperative and postoperative examinations, including vision, margin reflex distance, Hertel exophthalmometry, ocular motility, visual fields, Goldmann perimetry, and subject assessment of the procedure, were performed in all patients. Data were analyzed using paired t-test (PASW Statistics ver. 18.0). RESULTS: Forty-nine decompressions were performed on 27 subjects (16 females, 11 males; mean age, 36.6 +/- 11.6 years). Twenty-two patients underwent bilateral operations; five required only unilateral orbital decompression. An average proptosis of 15.6 +/- 2.2 mm (p = 0.00) was achieved, with a mean preoperative Hertel measurement of 17.6 +/- 2.2 mm. Ocular motility was corrected through recession of the extraocular muscle in three cases, and no new-onset diplopia or aggravated diplopia was noted. The binocular single vision field increased in all patients. Eyelid retraction correction surgery was simultaneously performed in the same surgical session in 10 of 49 cases, and strabismus and eyelid retraction surgery were performed in the same surgical session in two cases. Margin reflex distance decreased from a preoperative average of 4.3 +/- 0.8 to 3.8 +/- 0.5 mm postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: The customized orbital decompression procedure decreased proptosis and improved diplopia, in a range comparable to those achieved through more stepwise techniques, and had favorable cosmetic results when combined with eyelid surgery or strabismus surgery for mild to moderate TAO.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Decompression, Surgical/methods , Exophthalmos/surgery , Eye Movements/physiology , Eyelids/surgery , Graves Ophthalmopathy/surgery , Oculomotor Muscles/surgery , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures , Orbit/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Strabismus/surgery , Visual Field Tests , Visual Fields/physiology
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